Inkqubela phambili entsha kwitekhnoloji ye-abrasive ivumela abaqhubi beziko lomatshini ukuba benze ukugqiba komhlaba kunye neminye imisebenzi yomatshini ngaxeshanye, ngaloo ndlela behlisa amaxesha okujikeleza, ukuphucula umgangatho, kunye nokugcina ixesha kunye nemali ekugqibeni ngaphandle kweintanethi. Izixhobo zokugqiba i-Abrasive zihlanganiswe ngokulula kwitafile ejikelezayo yomatshini we-CNC okanye inkqubo yesibambisi sixhobo.
Ngelixa iivenkile zoomatshini bekhontrakthi zisanda ukukhetha ezi zixhobo, kukho iinkxalabo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-abrasives kumaziko omatshini abizayo e-CNC. Lo mbandela udla ngokuvela kwinkolelo eqhelekileyo yokuba “iziqhushumbisi” (ezifana nephepha lesanti) zikhupha izixa ezikhulu zegrit kunye nobutyobo obunokuthi buvale imigca yokupholisa okanye bonakalise izilayidi eziveziweyo okanye iibheringi. Ezi nkxalabo azinasihlahla ubukhulu becala.
“Aba matshini babiza kakhulu kwaye bachanekile,” utshilo uJanos Haraczi, umongameli weDelta Machine Company, LLC. Le nkampani yivenkile yomatshini ekhethekileyo ekuveliseni iindawo ezintsonkothileyo, ezinyamezelayo kwi-titanium, i-nickel alloys, insimbi engenasici, i-aluminium, iplastiki kunye nezinye i-alloys zangaphandle. Andizukwenza nantoni na enokubeka esichengeni ukuchaneka okanye ukuqina kwesixhobo.
Abantu bahlala bekholelwa ngempazamo ukuba "i-abrasive" kunye "nempahla yokusila" yinto enye. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kwenziwe ulwahlulo phakathi kwee-abrasives kunye ne-abrasive finishing tools ezisetyenziselwa ukususwa kwezinto ezinobundlobongela. Izixhobo zokugqiba zivelisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba akukho zixhobo ezinqabileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye inani leengqungquthela ezithintekayo eziveliswayo lilingana nomlinganiselo weetshiphu zetsimbi, uthuli lokugaya, kunye nokugqoka izixhobo ezenziwe ngexesha lomatshini.
Kwanaxa kusenziwa imichiza emincinci, iimfuno zokuhluza kwizixhobo ezirhaxayo ziyafana nezo zenziwa ngomatshini. UJeff Brooks we-Filtra Systems uthi nayiphi na i-particulate matter inokususwa ngokulula kunye ne-bag engabizi kakhulu okanye i-cartridge filtration system. I-Filtra Systems yinkampani egxile kwiinkqubo zokuhluza kwimizi-mveliso, kubandakanywa ukuhluzwa okupholileyo koomatshini be-CNC.
UTim Urano, umphathi womgangatho weWolfram Manufacturing, uthe naziphi na iindleko ezongezelelweyo zokuhluza ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezirhabaxa zincinci kangangokuba “akufanelanga ukuba ziqwalaselwe, kuba inkqubo yokuhluza ngokwayo kufanele ukuba isuse into epholisayo eyenziwe ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini.
Kule minyaka isibhozo idlulileyo, iWolfram Manufacturing idibanise iFlex-Hone kubo bonke oomatshini bayo be-CNC bokucoca umngxuma onqamlezayo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu. I-Flex-Hone, evela kwi-Brush Research Manufacturing (BRM) e-Los Angeles, ibonisa amaso amancinane abrasive adityaniswe ngokusisigxina kwiifilaments eziguquguqukayo, okwenza kube bhetyebhetye, isixhobo esinexabiso eliphantsi lokulungiswa komphezulu onzima, ukuchithwa, kunye nokugudiswa komphetho.
Ukususa ii-burrs kunye neencam ezibukhali kwimingxuma egrunjiweyo kunye nezinye iindawo ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo ezifana ne-undercuts, i-slots, i-recesses okanye i-bores yangaphakathi ibalulekile. Ukususwa kwe-burr okungaphelelanga kunokubangela ukuvaleka okanye ukuphazamiseka kulwelo olubalulekileyo, i-lubricant kunye neepaseji zegesi.
Kwinxalenye enye, sinokusebenzisa ubungakanani obubini okanye obuthathu obuhlukeneyo beFlex-Hones ngokuxhomekeke kwinani lee-port intersections kunye nobukhulu bemingxuma, kuchaza u-Urano.
I-Flex-Hones yongezwe kwi-tooling turntable kwaye isetyenziswa yonke imihla, rhoqo amaxesha amaninzi ngeyure, kwezinye iindawo eziqhelekileyo zevenkile.
"Isixa se-abrasive esivela kwi-Flex-Hone ayinanto xa kuthelekiswa namanye amaqhekeza aphela kwi-coolant," kuchaza u-Urano.
Kwanezixhobo zokusika ezifana ne-carbide drills kunye ne-end Mills zivelisa iitshiphusi ezifuna ukuhluzwa ngaphandle kokupholisa, utsho u-Eric Sun, umseki we-Orange Vise e-Orange County, eCalifornia.
“Ezinye iivenkile zoomatshini zisenokuthi, ‘Andizisebenzisi iziqhumiso kumsebenzi wam, ngoko oomatshini bam abanamasuntswana ngokupheleleyo.’ Kodwa oko akuyonyani Nkqu nezixhobo zokusika ziyaphela, kwaye i-carbide inokukrazula kwaye iphele kwindawo yokupholisa, utshilo uMnu.
Nangona i-Orange Vise ngumvelisi wekhontrakthi, inkampani ngokuyinhloko yenza i-vices kunye neengxenye ezikhawulezayo zokutshintsha koomatshini be-CNC, kuquka i-aluminium, intsimbi, kunye nentsimbi. Inkampani isebenza kumaziko amane eMori Seiki NHX4000 anesantya esiphezulu esithe tye kunye namaziko amabini omatshini amileyo.
Ngokutsho kukaMnu Sun, ezininzi ezimbi zenziwe ngentsimbi ekhandiweyo kunye nendawo ekhethiweyo elukhuni. Ukufezekisa umphumo ofanayo njengendawo enzima, i-Orange Vise isebenzisa i-NamPower abrasive disc brush evela kuPhando lweBrashi.
I-NamPower Abrasive Disc Brushes yenziwe kwi-flexible nylon abrasive fibers edityaniswe kwi-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic backing kwaye iyindibaniselwano ekhethekileyo ye-ceramic kunye ne-silicon carbide abrasives. Iintsinga ze-abrasive zisebenza njengeefayile eziguquguqukayo, ezilandela iikhonto zenxalenye, ukucocwa kunye nokufakela imiphetho kunye nomgangatho, ukuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa okuphezulu kwe-burr kunye nokugqitywa komgangatho ogudileyo. Ezinye izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukugudiswa komphetho, ukucoca iindawo kunye nokususwa komhlwa.
Ukwenza imisebenzi yokugqiba umphezulu, isixhobo ngasinye sokulayisha isixhobo somatshini we-CNC sixhotyiswe ngeebrashi zenayiloni ezirhabaxa. Nangona ikwasebenzisa iinkozo ezirhabaxa, uNjingalwazi uLanga uthe ibhrashi yeNamPower “ludidi olwahlukileyo lokurhaxa” kuba “iyazilola ngokwayo.” Isakhiwo sayo somgca sigcina amaqhekeza amatsha abrasive abukhali ngokudibana rhoqo kunye nomsebenzi kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe agugile, aveze amaqhekeza amatsha okusika.
"Siye sisebenzisa i-NamPower abrasive nylon brushes imihla ngemihla ngoku iminyaka emithandathu ngoku. Ngelo xesha, asizange sibe nayo nayiphi na imiba ngamasuntswana okanye isanti efika kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo, "wongezelela uMnu. Kumava ethu, kwanesanti encinci ayibangeli naziphi na iingxaki.
Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukuguba, ukuhombisa, ukuqhotsa, ukugqibozela, ukugqiba nokupholisha. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-garnet, i-carborundum, i-corundum, i-silicon carbide, i-cubic boron nitride kunye nedayimane kubukhulu obuhlukeneyo.
Into eneempawu zetsimbi kwaye yenziwe ngamachiza amabini nangaphezulu, ubuncinane enye ibe yintsimbi.
Inxalenye efana nentambo yezinto ezenza kumda wesixhobo sokusebenza ngexesha lomatshini. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibukhali. Inokususwa ngeefayile zesandla, amavili okusila okanye amabhanti, amavili ocingo, iibrashi ezirhabaxa, ijetting yamanzi, okanye ezinye iindlela.
Izikhonkwane ezifakwe kwi-tapered zisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa enye okanye zombini iziphelo ze-workpiece ngexesha lomatshini. Iziko lifakwe kumngxuma owenziweyo ekupheleni kwendawo yokusebenza. Iziko elijikelezayo kunye nomsebenzi libizwa ngokuba "liziko eliphilayo" kwaye iziko elingajikeleziyo kunye nomsebenzi libizwa ngokuba "liziko elifileyo."
Umlawuli osekelwe kwi-microprocessor ngokukodwa eyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini ukwenza okanye ukuguqula iindawo. Inkqubo ye-CNC ecwangcisiweyo ivula inkqubo ye-servo yomatshini kunye ne-spindle drive kwaye ilawula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomatshini. Jonga i-DNC (ulawulo lwamanani ngokuthe ngqo); I-CNC (ulawulo lwamanani ekhompyutheni).
Ulwelo olunciphisa ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kwisixhobo/ujongano lomsebenzi ngexesha lomatshini. Ngokwesiqhelo kwimo yolwelo, njengemixube enyibilikayo okanye yeekhemikhali (semi-synthetic, synthetic), kodwa inokucinezelwa nomoya okanye ezinye iigesi. Ngenxa yokuba amanzi ekwazi ukufunxa ubushushu obukhulu, asetyenziswa kakhulu njengesixhobo sokuthwala izinto zokupholisa kunye nolwelo olwahlukeneyo lwesinyithi. Umlinganiselo wamanzi kulwelo lwesinyithi uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi womatshini. Bona ukusika ulwelo; i-semi-synthetic cutting fluid; ulwelo lokusika oluyi-oyile; i-synthetic cutting fluid.
Ukusetyenziswa kwencwadana yesixhobo esinamazinyo amaninzi amancinci ukujikeleza iikona ezibukhali kunye neeprotrusions, kunye nokususa ama-burrs kunye nama-nicks. Nangona ukufakwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngesandla, kunokusetyenziswa njengenyathelo eliphakathi xa kusetyenzwa iibhetshi ezincinci okanye iindawo ezizodwa usebenzisa ifayile yamandla okanye i-contour band saw kunye nefayile ekhethekileyo yokunamathisela.
Ukusebenza kwe-machining apho izinto zisuswa kwi-workpiece ngokusebenzisa amavili okugaya, amatye, amabhande anqabileyo, i-abrasive pastes, i-disc abrasive, i-abrasives, i-slurries, njl. ukugaya i-cylindrical (ye-cylinders yangaphandle kunye neecones, iifillet, i-recesses, njl.); ukugaya okungenaziko; ukukhohlisa; intambo kunye nemilo yokusila; ukulola izixhobo; ukugaya ngokungacwangciswanga; i-lapping and polishing (ukugaya nge-grit ecolekileyo kakhulu ukudala umphezulu we-ultra-smooth surface); ukuhoya; kunye nokugaya idiskhi.
Oomatshini be-CNC abanokwenza ukomba, ukubuyisela kwakhona, ukucofa, ukugaya, kunye nokudika. Ngokuqhelekileyo ixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokutshintsha okuzenzekelayo. Jonga isixhobo sokutshintsha isixhobo esizenzekelayo.
Imilinganiselo ye-workpiece inokuba nobuncinci kunye nokuphambuka okukhulu kwimigangatho emiselweyo, ngelixa ihlala yamkelekile.
I-workpiece igxininiswe kwi-chuck, efakwe kwi-faceplate okanye igxininiswe phakathi kwamaziko. Njengoko i-workpiece ijikeleza, isixhobo (ngokuqhelekileyo isixhobo esinenqaku elinye) sondliwa ecaleni kwe-periphery, isiphelo, okanye umphezulu we-workpiece. Iindidi ze-workpiece machining zibandakanya: ukuguqulwa komgca othe ngqo (ukusika ujikeleze umjikelezo we-workpiece); i-taper turning (ukubumba ikhoni); ukujika kwamanyathelo (ukuguqula iinxalenye zeedamitha ezahlukeneyo kwi-workpiece efanayo); chamfering (beveling edge okanye igxalaba); ukujongana (ukucheba ekupheleni); ukuthunga (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle, kodwa kunokuba ngaphakathi); ukurhabaxa (ukususwa kwesinyithi esibalulekileyo); kunye nokugqiba (ukunqunyulwa kokugqibela kokukhanya). Inokwenziwa kwiileyile, amaziko okujika, iileyile zechuck, iileyile ezizenzekelayo, kunye noomatshini abafanayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-26-2025