Kufambira mberi kutsva muhunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu zvinokweshana kunobvumira vashandi venzvimbo dzekugadzira zvinhu kuti vaite mabasa ekupedzisa pamusoro pechinhu pamwe nemamwe mabasa ekugadzira zvinhu panguva imwe chete, nokudaro vachideredza nguva yekutenderera, vachivandudza mhando, uye vachichengetedza nguva nemari pakupedzisa pasina kushandisa internet. Zvishandiso zvekupedzisa zvinokweshana zvinobatanidzwa nyore nyore muchina weCNC wetafura inotenderera kana sisitimu yemidziyo.
Kunyange hazvo makambani ekugadzira michina ari kuramba achisarudza maturusi aya, pane kunetseka nezvekushandisa mabrasive munzvimbo dzinodhura dzeCNC machining. Nyaya iyi inowanzobva pakufunga kwakajairika kuti "mabrasive" (akadai sesandpaper) anoburitsa tsvina yakawanda uye marara anogona kuvhara mitsetse yekutonhodza kana kukuvadza nzira dzekutsvedza kana mabheringi ari pachena. Kunetseka uku hakuna hwaro.
“Michina iyi inodhura zvikuru uye yakanyatsogadzirwa,” akadaro Janos Haraczi, purezidhendi weDelta Machine Company, LLC. Kambani iyi inzvimbo yekugadzira michina inonyanya kugadzira zvikamu zvakaoma, zvinoshivirira kubva mu titanium, nickel alloys, simbi isingatsvi, aruminiyamu, purasitiki nedzimwe mhando dzesimbi dzisiri dzemazuva ano. “Handizoiti chero chinhu chingakanganisa kururama kana kugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo.”
Vanhu vanowanzo funga zvisirizvo kuti "zvinogumbura" uye "zvinhu zvekukuya" zvakafanana. Zvisinei, mutsauko unofanira kuitwa pakati pezvinoshandiswa kubvisa zvinhu zvinogumbura uye zvinogumbura zvinoshandiswa kubvisa zvinhu zvine simba. Zvishandiso zvekupedzisa hazviburitse zvinhu zvinogumbura panguva yekushandiswa, uye huwandu hwezvinhu zvinogumbura hunogadzirwa hwakaenzana nehuwandu hwezvimedu zvesimbi, guruva rekukuya, uye kupfeka kwezvishandiso zvinogadzirwa panguva yekugadzira.
Kunyangwe kana paine zvinhu zvidiki-diki zvakagadzirwa, zvinodiwa pakusefa zvishandiso zvinokwesha zvakafanana nezvinogadzirwa pakugadzira. Jeff Brooks weFiltra Systems anoti chero zvinhu zvinogona kubviswa zviri nyore nebhegi risingadhuri kana kuti cartridge filtration system. Filtra Systems ikambani inonyanya kugadzira masisitimu ekusefa emaindasitiri, kusanganisira kusefa kunotonhodza michina yeCNC.
Tim Urano, maneja wemhando yepamusoro weWolfram Manufacturing, akati chero mari yekuwedzera yekusefa ine chekuita nekushandisa maturusi ekukwesha yakaderera zvekuti "hazvina kukodzera kufungwa nezvazvo, sezvo sisitimu yekusefa pachayo ichifanirwa kubvisa tunhu tudiki kubva muchinhu chinotonhodza chinobva mukugadzirwa kwemuchina."
Kwemakore masere apfuura, Wolfram Manufacturing yakabatanidza Flex-Hone mumichina yayo yese yeCNC yekubvisa maburi maburi uye kupedzisa pamusoro. Flex-Hone, kubva kuBrush Research Manufacturing (BRM) muLos Angeles, ine mabhora madiki anonamira akabatanidzwa zvachose pamitsetse inochinjika, zvichiita kuti ive chishandiso chinochinjika, chinodhura zvishoma chekugadzirira pamusoro, kubvisa maburi, uye kunyorovesa mucheto.
Kubvisa maburi nemativi akapinza kubva mumaburi akaboorwa pamwe nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakaoma kusvika dzakadai semaburi akachekwa, maburi, nzvimbo dzakavanda kana maburi emukati kwakakosha. Kubvisa maburi zvisina kukwana kunogona kukonzera kuvharika kana kuvhiringika kwenzira dzemvura, mafuta uye magasi.
"Kune chimwe chikamu, tinogona kushandisa saizi mbiri kana nhatu dzakasiyana dzeFlex-Hones zvichienderana nehuwandu hwenzvimbo dzinosangana madoko nehukuru hwemaburi," anotsanangura Urano.
Flex-Hones yakawedzerwa kune turntable yezvishandiso uye inoshandiswa zuva nezuva, kazhinji kakawanda paawa, pane zvimwe zvezvikamu zvinonyanya kushandiswa muchitoro.
"Huwandu hwechinhu chinokwesha chinobva kuFlex-Hone hahuna kunyanya kukosha kana tichienzanisa nezvimwe zvinhu zvinozopedzisira zvapinda muchinhu chinotonhodza," anotsanangura Urano.
Kunyangwe maturusi ekucheka akadai sema carbide drills nema end mills anogadzira machipisi anoda kuseferwa kubva mu coolant, anodaro Eric Sun, muvambi weOrange Vise muOrange County, California.
“Mamwe mabhizinesi emuchina anogona kuti, ‘Handishandisi mabrasives mukuita kwangu, saka michina yangu haina tumarara zvachose.’ Asi izvozvo hazvisi zvechokwadi. Kunyangwe maturusi ekucheka anosakara, uye carbide inogona kupwanyika yozopedzisira yava mu coolant,” VaSun vakadaro.
Kunyangwe Orange Vise iri kambani inogadzira michina ine chibvumirano, kambani iyi inonyanya kugadzira zvinhu zvinochinja-chinja zvemichina yeCNC, zvinosanganisira aruminiyamu, simbi, nesimbi yakakandwa. Kambani iyi ine nzvimbo ina dzeMori Seiki NHX4000 dzinomhanya zvakanyanya uye nzvimbo mbiri dzekugadzira dzakamira.
Sekureva kwaVaSun, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa ine pamusoro wakaomarara. Kuti vawane mhedzisiro yakafanana nepamusoro wakaomarara, Orange Vise yakashandisa bhurashi reNamPower abrasive disc kubva kuBrush Research.
Mabhurashi eNamPower Abrasive Disc anogadzirwa neshinda dzinochinjika dzenylon dzakasungirirwa kune fiber-reinforced thermoplastic backing uye musanganiswa wakasiyana we ceramic ne silicon carbide abrasives. Nshinda dzinochinjika dzinoshanda semafaira anochinjika, dzichitevedzera magadzirirwo echikamu, dzichichenesa nekurongedza mipendero nenzvimbo, zvichiita kuti burr ibviswe zvakanyanya uye pamusoro payo pave pakachena. Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira kunyorovesa mipendero, kuchenesa zvikamu uye kubvisa ngura.
Kuti zviitwe mabasa ekupedzisa pamusoro, sisitimu yega yega yeCNC yekushandisa maturusi ine mabhurashi enylon anokwesha. Kunyangwe ichishandisawo tsanga dzinokwesha, Purofesa Sun vakati bhurashi reNamPower "rudzi rwakasiyana rweanokwesha" nekuti chaizvoizvo "rinozvirodza roga." Maumbirwo aro akarongeka anochengetedza zvidimbu zvitsva zvinokwesha zvakapinza zvichigara zvichisangana nenzvimbo yebasa uye zvinopera zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichiburitsa zvidimbu zvitsva zvekucheka.
"Tave tichishandisa mabhurashi eNamPower abrasive nylon zuva nezuva kwemakore matanhatu ikozvino. Munguva iyoyo, hatina kumbobvira tava nematambudziko ekuti zvidimbu kana jecha zvinopinda panzvimbo dzakaoma," vakawedzera VaSun. "Mukuona kwedu, kunyangwe jecha diki harikonzeri matambudziko."
Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakukuya, kukwenenzvera, kurongedza, kupedzisa uye kupukuta. Mienzaniso inosanganisira garnet, carborundum, corundum, silicon carbide, cubic boron nitride uye diamond muhukuru hwakasiyana-siyana.
Chinhu chine hunhu hwesimbi uye chinoumbwa nezvinhu zviviri kana kupfuura zvemakemikari, chimwe chazvo chiri simbi.
Chikamu chakaita seshinda chechinhu chinoumbwa pamucheto wechinhu chebasa panguva yekugadzirwa. Chinowanzova chakapinza. Chinogona kubviswa nemaoko, mavhiri ekukuya kana mabhandi, mavhiri ewaya, mabhurashi anokwesha, mvura inoyerera, kana dzimwe nzira.
Mapini akatetepa anoshandiswa kutsigira magumo echinhu chebasa panguva yekugadzirwa. Pakati pechinhu chinoiswa mugomba rakaboorwa pamucheto wechinhu chebasa. Pakati pechinhu chinotenderera nechinhu chebasa chinonzi "live centre" uye pakati pechinhu chisingatenderere nechinhu chebasa chinonzi "dead centre".
Chinodzora chinoshandisa microprocessor chakagadzirirwa kushandiswa nematurusi emuchina kugadzira kana kugadzirisa zvikamu. Sisitimu yeCNC yakarongwa inovhura sisitimu yeservo yemuchina uye spindle drive uye inodzora mashandiro akasiyana-siyana ekugadzira. Ona DNC (direct numeral control); CNC (computer numeral control).
Mvura inoderedza kukwira kwekupisa panzvimbo yekushandisa/yebasa panguva yekushanda. Kazhinji inenge iri mumvura, senge musanganiswa unonyunguduka kana wemakemikari (semi-synthetic, synthetic), asi inogonawo kunge iri mhepo yakamanikidzwa kana mamwe magasi. Nekuti mvura ine simba rekupinza kupisa kwakawanda, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya semutakuri wezvinotonhodza uye mvura dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushanda nesimbi. Chiyero chemvura nemvura yekushanda nesimbi chinosiyana zvichienderana nebasa rekugadzira. Ona mvura yekucheka; mvura yekucheka isina kugadzirwa; mvura yekucheka inonyunguduka nemafuta; mvura yekucheka yakagadzirwa.
Kushandisa chishandiso chine mazino madiki akawanda nemaoko kutenderedza makona akapinza uye maburi akapinza, uye kubvisa maburi nemapfundo. Kunyangwe kufaira kuchiwanzoitwa nemaoko, kunogona kushandiswa sedanho repakati pakugadzirisa mabheti madiki kana zvikamu zvakasiyana uchishandisa faira remagetsi kana saha rebhandi re contour rine chibatiso chakakosha chefaira.
Mashandiro ekugadzira michina umo zvinhu zvinobviswa kubva pachinhu chebasa kuburikidza nemavhiri ekukuya, matombo, mabhandi ekukuya, mapesta ekukuya, madhisiki ekukuya, mabhurabhu, slurry, nezvimwewo. Kugadzira michina kunoitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: kukuya pamusoro (kugadzira nzvimbo dzakati sandara uye/kana dzesikweya); kukuya kwe cylindrical (kwemasilinda ekunze nemakoni, mafillets, nzvimbo dzakavanzika, nezvimwewo); kukuya kusina pakati; kukuya; kukuya kweshinda nechimiro; kurodza zvishandiso; kukuya zvisina kurongeka; kukwesha nekupukuta (kukuya negrit yakanaka kwazvo kugadzira nzvimbo yakatsetseka); kukwesha; uye kukuya kwedhisiki.
Michina yeCNC inogona kubhoorwa, kutsvairwa, kugochwa, kugayiwa, uye kubhowa. Inowanzo shongedzwa nemuchina wekuchinja maturusi otomatiki. Ona muchina wekuchinja maturusi otomatiki.
Zviyero zvebasa zvinogona kunge zvidiki uye zvakanyanya kusiyana kubva pamitemo yakatarwa, uku zvichiramba zvichigamuchirwa.
Chishandiso chacho chakasungirirwa muchuck, iyo inoiswa pafaceplate kana kuti inosungirirwa pakati penzvimbo. Sezvo chishandiso chacho chichitenderera, chishandiso (chinowanzova chishandiso chine poindi imwe chete) chinopihwa parutivi, kumagumo, kana pamusoro pechishandiso chacho. Mhando dzekugadzira chishandiso ichi dzinosanganisira: kutenderera kwakatwasuka (kucheka kutenderedza miganhu yechishandiso); kutenderera kwakapetwa (kuumba koni); kutenderera nhanho (kutenderedza zvikamu zvemadhayamita akasiyana pachishandiso chimwe chete); kukwesha (kufukidza mupendero kana fudzi); kutarisana (kuchekerera kumagumo); kukwesha shinda (kazhinji kunze, asi kungave mukati); kukwesha (kubvisa simbi zvakanyanya); uye kupedzisa (kucheka kwekupedzisira). Inogona kuitwa palathes, nzvimbo dzekutenderedza, machuck lathes, ma automatic lathes, nemichina yakafanana.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-26-2025