Iterambere rishya mu ikoranabuhanga ryangiza ryemerera abakora ibigo bikora imashini kurangiza icyarimwe nibindi bikorwa byo gutunganya icyarimwe, bityo bikagabanya ibihe byizunguruka, kuzamura ireme, no kuzigama igihe namafaranga kurangiza kumurongo. Ibikoresho byo kurangiza byoroshye byinjizwa muburyo bworoshye bwa mashini ya CNC kumeza cyangwa sisitemu yububiko.
Mugihe amaduka yimashini yamasezerano agenda ahitamo ibyo bikoresho, hari impungenge zo gukoresha abrasives mumashanyarazi ahenze ya CNC. Iki kibazo gikomoka ku myizerere isanzwe ivuga ko "abrasives" (nka sandpaper) irekura imyanda myinshi n imyanda ishobora guhagarika imirongo ikonjesha cyangwa kwangiza inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa imiyoboro. Izi mpungenge ahanini nta shingiro zifite.
Perezida wa Delta Machine Company, LLC, Janos Haraczi yagize ati: "Izi mashini zihenze cyane kandi zirasobanutse neza." Isosiyete ni iduka ryimashini kabuhariwe mu gukora ibice bigoye, byihanganira cyane kuva titanium, nikel alloys, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, aluminium, plastike nibindi bivangavanze. Ati: "Ntabwo nzakora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyahungabanya ukuri kw'ibikoresho cyangwa igihe kirekire."
Abantu bakunze kwibeshya ko "abrasive" na "gusya ibikoresho" ari ikintu kimwe. Ariko, hagomba gukorwa itandukaniro hagati yo gukuramo ibikoresho nibikoresho byo kurangiza bikoreshwa mugukuraho ibintu bikaze. Ibikoresho byo kurangiza bitanga umusaruro mubi mugihe cyo gukoresha, kandi ingano yingingo zangiza zakozwe zingana numubare wibyuma, gusya umukungugu, hamwe nibikoresho byambara mugihe cyo gutunganya.
Nubwo mugihe gito cyane cyibintu byiza byabyaye umusaruro, ibisabwa byo kuyungurura kubikoresho byangiza bisa nkibikorwa byo gutunganya. Jeff Brooks wo muri sisitemu ya Filtra avuga ko ibintu byose bishobora gukurwaho byoroshye hamwe na sisitemu ihendutse cyangwa sisitemu yo kuyungurura amakarito. Filtra Sisitemu nisosiyete izobereye muri sisitemu yo kuyungurura inganda, harimo no gukonjesha gukonje kumashini ya CNC.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe ubuziranenge muri Wolfram Manufacturing, Tim Urano, yavuze ko amafaranga yose y’inyongera yo kuyungurura ajyanye no gukoresha ibikoresho bitesha agaciro ari make ku buryo “mu byukuri adakwiriye kubitekerezaho, kubera ko sisitemu yo kuyungurura ubwayo igomba kuvanaho ibintu bito biva muri coolant byakozwe mu gihe cyo gutunganya.”
Mu myaka umunani ishize, Wolfram Manufacturing yinjije Flex-Hone mu mashini zayo zose za CNC kugirango zivemo umwobo no kurangiza hejuru. Flex-Hone, iva muri Brush Research Manufacturing (BRM) i Los Angeles, igaragaramo amasaro mato mato yomekaho burundu kumashanyarazi yoroheje, bigatuma igikoresho cyoroshye, gihenze cyane mugutegura ibintu bigoye, gutunganya, no koroshya impande.
Kuraho burrs nu mpande zikarishye ziva mu mwobo wacukuwe hamwe n’ahandi bigoye kugera nko nko kugabanuka, ahantu, kuruhukira cyangwa imyenge y'imbere ni ngombwa. Gukuraho burr kutuzuye birashobora gutuma uhagarikwa cyangwa imivurungano mumazi akomeye, amavuta na gaze.
Urano abisobanura agira ati: “Ku gice kimwe, dushobora gukoresha ubunini bubiri cyangwa butatu bwa Flex-Hones bitewe n'umubare uhuza ibyambu n'ubunini bw'imyobo.”
Flex-Hones yongewemo kubikoresho bihinduranya kandi ikoreshwa buri munsi, akenshi inshuro nyinshi mu isaha, kuri bimwe mubice bikunda kugaragara.
Urano abisobanura agira ati: “Ingano yo gukuramo Flex-Hone ni ntangere ugereranije n'utundi duce turangirira muri coolant.”
Eric Sun washinze Orange Vise mu Ntara ya Orange, muri Californiya, avuga ko ndetse no gukata ibikoresho nk'imyitozo ya karbide hamwe n'urusyo rwanyuma bitanga chip zigomba kuyungurura hanze.
“Amaduka amwe amwe arashobora kuvuga ati: 'Ntabwo nkoresha imiti ikuraho ibintu, bityo imashini zanjye ntizifite ibice.' Ariko ibyo ntabwo ari ukuri.
Nubwo Orange Vise ari uruganda rukora amasezerano, isosiyete ikora cyane cyane ibice nibihinduka byihuse kumashini ya CNC, harimo aluminium, ibyuma, nicyuma. Isosiyete ikora ibigo bine bya Mori Seiki NHX4000 byihuta byihuta byogutunganya imashini hamwe nibigo bibiri bihagaritse.
Bwana Sun avuga ko ingeso nyinshi zikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu buso bwatoranijwe. Kugirango ugere kubisubizo bimwe nkubuso bukomeye, Orange Vise yakoresheje NamPower abrasive disc brush kuva Brush Research.
NamPower Abrasive Disc Brushes ikozwe muri fibre yoroheje ya nylon abrasive fibre ihujwe na fibre ikomezwa na thermoplastique kandi ni ihuriro ryihariye rya ceramic na silicon carbide abrasives. Fibre abrasive ikora nka dosiye zoroshye, zikurikira ibice byigice, gusukura no gutanga impande zose hamwe nubuso, byemeza ko burr ikurwaho kandi ikarangira neza. Ubundi porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo koroshya impande, gusukura ibice no gukuraho ingese.
Kugirango ukore ibikorwa byo kurangiza hejuru, buri bikoresho bya mashini ya CNC ibikoresho byo gupakira ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho byo gukuramo nylon. Nubwo ikoresha kandi ibinyampeke, Porofeseri Sun yavuze ko guswera NamPower ari “ubundi bwoko bwo kwangiza” kubera ko ahanini ari “kwikuramo.” Imiterere yumurongo ituma ibice bishya bikurura ibintu bihora bihura nubuso bwakazi kandi bigenda bishira buhoro buhoro, bikagaragaza ibice bishya byo gutema.
Bwana Sun yongeyeho ati: "Ubu tumaze imyaka itandatu dukoresha amashanyarazi ya NamPower abrasive nylon buri munsi. Muri icyo gihe, ntabwo twigeze tugira ikibazo na kimwe kijyanye n'uduce cyangwa umucanga tujya ahantu habi." Ati: “Mubyatubayeho, n'umusenyi muke ntuteza ikibazo.”
Ibintu bikoreshwa mu gusya, kubaha, gukubita, kurangiza no gusya. Ingero zirimo garnet, carborundum, corundum, karbide ya silicon, nitride cubic boron na diyama mubunini butandukanye.
Ikintu gifite imiterere yicyuma kandi kigizwe nibintu bibiri cyangwa byinshi bya shimi, byibuze kimwe muricyuma.
Igice-kimeze nkigice cyibikoresho bikora kumpera yakazi mugihe cyo gutunganya. Mubisanzwe birakaze. Irashobora gukurwaho namadosiye yintoki, gusya inziga cyangwa umukandara, ibiziga byinsinga, guswera nabi, gufata amazi, cyangwa ubundi buryo.
Amapine yacapuwe akoreshwa mugushigikira imwe cyangwa impande zombi zakazi mugihe cyo gutunganya. Hagati yinjizwa mu mwobo wacukuwe mu mpera zakazi. Ikigo kizunguruka hamwe nakazi kitwa "ikigo kizima" naho ikigo kitazenguruka hamwe nakazi kitwa "ikigo cyapfuye."
Microprocessor-ishingiye kumugenzuzi yagenewe gukoreshwa nibikoresho byimashini zo gukora cyangwa guhindura ibice. Sisitemu ya porogaramu ya CNC ikora sisitemu ya servo ya mashini na spindle Drive kandi ikagenzura ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gutunganya. Reba DNC (kugenzura imibare itaziguye); CNC (kugenzura imibare ya mudasobwa).
Amazi agabanya ubushyuhe bwiyongera kubikoresho / ibikorwa byakazi mugihe cyo gutunganya. Mubisanzwe muburyo bwamazi, nkibishobora kuvangwa cyangwa imiti ivanze (igice cya sintetike, sintetike), ariko birashobora no guhumeka umwuka cyangwa izindi myuka. Kuberako amazi afite ubushobozi bwo gukurura ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikoreshwa cyane nkitwara ibicurane hamwe namazi atandukanye akora ibyuma. Ikigereranyo cyamazi namazi yo gukora ibyuma biratandukanye bitewe numurimo wo gutunganya. Reba gukata amazi; igice cya sintetike yo gukata amazi; gukata amavuta yo gukata; gukata amazi.
Gukoresha intoki igikoresho gifite amenyo mato mato kugirango uzenguruke inguni zikarishye, no gukuraho burrs na nik. Nubwo gutanga dosiye bikorwa nintoki, birashobora gukoreshwa nkintambwe yo hagati mugihe utunganya uduce duto cyangwa ibice byihariye ukoresheje dosiye yimbaraga cyangwa bande ya kontour yabonye hamwe na dosiye idasanzwe.
Imashini ikora ibikoresho bivanwa mubikorwa byogusya ibiziga, amabuye, umukandara utera, paste abrasive, disiki zangiza, abrasives, slurries, nibindi. Gukora bifata uburyo bwinshi: gusya hejuru (kurema hejuru kandi / cyangwa kare); gusya kwa silindrike (ya silinderi yo hanze na cones, kuzuza, ibiruhuko, nibindi); gusya bidafite hagati; chamfering; gusya no gushushanya; ibikoresho bikarishye; gusya bidasanzwe; gukubita no gusya (gusya hamwe na grit nziza cyane kugirango ukore hejuru ya ultra-yoroshye); kubaha; no gusya.
Imashini za CNC zishobora gukora gucukura, gusubiramo, gukanda, gusya, no kurambirana. Mubisanzwe bifite ibikoresho byikora byahinduwe. Reba ibikoresho byikora.
Ibipimo byakazi birashobora kugira byibuze kandi ntarengwa biva mubipimo byashyizweho, mugihe bisigaye byemewe.
Urupapuro rwakazi rufatishijwe mukantu, rushyirwa kumurongo cyangwa ugashyirwa hagati yikigo. Mugihe igihangano kizunguruka, igikoresho (mubusanzwe igikoresho kimwe) kigaburirwa kuruhande, impera, cyangwa ubuso bwakazi. Ubwoko bwo gutunganya ibihangano birimo: guhinduranya umurongo ugororotse (gukata impande zose zakazi); guhinduranya taper (gushiraho cone); guhinduranya intambwe (guhindura ibice bya diametre zitandukanye kumurimo umwe); gutereta (gutema inkombe cyangwa igitugu); guhangana (gutondeka ku musozo); urudodo (mubisanzwe hanze, ariko rushobora kuba imbere); gukomera (gukuraho icyuma gikomeye); no kurangiza (gukata urumuri rwa nyuma). Irashobora gukorerwa kumisarani, guhinduranya ibigo, imisarani ya chuck, imisarani yikora, hamwe nimashini zisa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-26-2025