Mtengo Wapadera wa ndodo ya nayiloni ya Borad PA6/PA66 ya pulasitiki yogulitsa

Ngati pali chinthu chomwe aliyense wokonda masewera olimbitsa thupi, wothamanga komanso wokonda panja amakonda kwambiri, ndi zovala zopangidwa. Kupatula apo, zinthu monga polyester, nayiloni, ndi acrylic ndi zabwino kwambiri pochotsa chinyezi, zimauma mwachangu, ndipo zimakhala zolimba kwambiri.
Koma zinthu zonsezi zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Ulusi uwu ukasweka kapena kugubuduzika, umataya zingwe zake, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimathera m'nthaka ndi m'madzi athu, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto azaumoyo komanso zachilengedwe. Ngakhale mutasamala bwanji, vuto lalikulu la tinthu tonseti totayirira ndi m'nyumba mwanu: makina anu ochapira.
Mwamwayi, pali njira zingapo zosavuta zopewera ma microplastics kuti asawononge dziko lapansi ndi nsapato iliyonse.
Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, mapulasitiki ang'onoang'ono ndi tinthu tating'ono ta pulasitiki kapena ulusi wa pulasitiki womwe nthawi zambiri sumawoneka ndi maso. Chifukwa chake, kulimbana kuti asatuluke sikusangalatsa kwenikweni kuposa maudzu kapena matumba apulasitiki otsutsana—kuyesetsa komwe nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi zithunzi zomvetsa chisoni za akamba a m'nyanja akutsamwitsidwa ndi zinyalala. Koma katswiri wa zamoyo zam'madzi Alexis Jackson akuti mapulasitiki ang'onoang'ono akadali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ku chilengedwe chathu. Adzadziwa: ali ndi Ph.D. Mu gawo la zachilengedwe ndi zamoyo zosinthika, mapulasitiki omwe ali m'nyanja zathu aphunziridwa kwambiri monga director wa mfundo za m'madzi ku chaputala cha California cha The Nature Conservancy.
Koma mosiyana ndi kugula udzu wachitsulo kapena kusonkhanitsa matumba ogwiritsidwanso ntchito, yankho la vutoli la microscopic silikudziwika bwino. Choyamba, ma microplastics ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri kotero kuti nthawi zambiri mafakitale oyeretsera zinyalala sangathe kuwasefa.
Akangochoka, amapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse. Amapezekanso ku Arctic. Sikuti ndi osasangalatsa kokha, komanso nyama iliyonse yomwe imadya ulusi wa pulasitiki uwu imatha kutsekeka m'mimba, kuchepa kwa mphamvu ndi chilakolako, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikule movutikira komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito yobereka. Kuphatikiza apo, mapulasitiki ang'onoang'ono awonetsedwa kuti amatenga mankhwala owopsa monga zitsulo zolemera ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zomwe zimasamutsa poizoniyu ku plankton, nsomba, mbalame za m'nyanja ndi nyama zina zakuthengo.
Kuchokera pamenepo, mankhwala oopsa amatha kubweretsa chakudya m'malo osiyanasiyana ndipo amapezeka pa chakudya chanu cham'madzi, osatchulanso madzi apampopi.
Mwatsoka, sitikudziwabe zomwe zingakhudze thanzi la anthu kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha mapulasitiki ang'onoang'ono. Koma popeza tikudziwa kuti ndi oipa kwa nyama (ndipo mapulasitiki si gawo lofunikira pa zakudya zabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi), Jackson akuti n'zotetezeka kunena kuti sitiyenera kuwayika m'thupi lathu.
Nthawi yoti mutsuke ma leggings anu, ma shorts a basketball, kapena wicking vest ikakwana, pali njira zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe kuti ma microplastics asalowe m'malo ozungulira.
Yambani mwa kusiyanitsa zovala - osati ndi mtundu, koma ndi nsalu. Tsukani zovala zolimba kapena zokwawa, monga majini, padera ndi zovala zofewa, monga malaya a polyester ndi ma sweater a ubweya. Mwanjira imeneyi, mudzachepetsa kukangana komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa zinthu zolimba pa nsalu yopyapyala mkati mwa mphindi 40. Kukangana kochepa kumatanthauza kuti zovala zanu sizitha msanga ndipo ulusi wake sungasweke msanga.
Kenako onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira osati otentha. Kutentha kudzafooketsa ulusi ndikupangitsa kuti ung'ambike mosavuta, pomwe madzi ozizira adzawathandiza kukhala nthawi yayitali. Kenako yendani maulendo afupiafupi m'malo mwa maulendo wamba kapena aatali, izi zichepetsa mwayi woti ulusi usweke. Mukachita izi, chepetsani liwiro la kuzungulira ngati n'kotheka - izi zichepetsanso kukangana. Pamodzi, njira izi zinachepetsa kutayika kwa microfiber ndi 30%, malinga ndi kafukufuku wina.
Ngakhale tikukambirana za makina ochapira, pewani njira zofewa. Izi zitha kukhala zosiyana ndi zomwe mukuganiza, koma zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri kuposa njira zina zochapira kuti zisawonongeke - kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi nsalu kungapangitse kuti ulusi utayike.
Pomaliza, siyani choumitsiracho kwathunthu. Sitingathe kutsindika izi mokwanira: Kutentha kumafupikitsa moyo wa zipangizo ndipo kumawonjezera mwayi woti ziwonongeke pansi pa katundu wotsatira. Mwamwayi, zovala zopangidwa zimauma mwachangu, choncho zipachikeni panja kapena pa shawa—mudzasunga ndalama mukamagwiritsa ntchito choumitsiracho pafupipafupi.
Zovala zanu zikatha kutsukidwa ndi kuumitsidwa, musabwerere ku makina ochapira. Zinthu zambiri siziyenera kutsukidwa mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, choncho ikani kabudula kapena shati m'kabati kuti muzivale kachiwiri kapena kawiri ngati sizikununkha ngati nyowa mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi. Ngati pali malo amodzi okha odetsedwa, tsukani ndi dzanja m'malo moyamba kulongedza.
Mungagwiritsenso ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti muchepetse kutaya kwa microfiber. Guppyfriend wapanga thumba lochapira zovala lomwe cholinga chake ndi kusonkhanitsa ulusi wosweka ndi zinyalala za microplastic, komanso kupewa kusweka kwa ulusi pamalo oyambira poteteza zovala. Ingoyikanimo zopangidwa ndi synthetic, zip, ziponyeni mu makina ochapira, zikokereni ndikutaya nsalu iliyonse ya microplastic yomwe yamamatira kumakona a thumba. Ngakhale matumba wamba ochapira zovala amathandiza kuchepetsa kukangana, kotero iyi ndi njira yabwino.
Fyuluta yosiyana ya lint yolumikizidwa ku payipi yotulutsira madzi ndi njira ina yothandiza komanso yogwiritsidwanso ntchito yomwe yatsimikiziridwa kuti imachepetsa ma microplastics ndi 80%. Koma musatengeke kwambiri ndi mipira iyi yochapira zovala, yomwe imamati imasunga ma microfibers mu shawa: zotsatira zabwino ndizochepa.
Ponena za sopo wothira madzi, mitundu yambiri yotchuka imakhala ndi pulasitiki, kuphatikizapo makapisozi osavuta omwe amasweka kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta pulasitiki mu makina ochapira. Koma zinatenga nthawi yayitali kuti mudziwe kuti ndi sopo uti amene anayambitsa vutoli. Phunzirani momwe mungadziwire ngati sopo wanu ndi wosamalira chilengedwe musanayikenso zinthu zina kapena kuganizira zopanga yanu. Kenako samalirani zinthu zanu zopangidwa kuchokera tsiku lomwe mwatsuka.
Alisha McDarris ndi wolemba nkhani za Popular Science. Wokonda maulendo komanso wokonda kwambiri zakunja, amakonda kuwonetsa abwenzi, abale komanso anthu osawadziwa momwe angakhalire otetezeka komanso kukhala ndi nthawi yambiri panja. Akamalemba, mumatha kuwona akuyenda m'mbuyo, akuyenda pa kayak, akukwera miyala, kapena akuyenda mumsewu.