Kukho amawaka eeplastiki ezithengiswayo ukuze kwenziwe iiprototyping ezikhawulezayo okanye imveliso encinci – ukukhetha iplastiki efanelekileyo kwiprojekthi ethile kunokuba nzima, ingakumbi kubayili bezinto ezintsha okanye oosomashishini abanomdla. Izinto zonke zimele isivumelwano ngokwexabiso, amandla, ukuguquguquka kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela kungekuphela nje ukusetyenziswa kwenxalenye okanye imveliso, kodwa kunye nendawo eza kusetyenziswa kuyo.
Ngokubanzi, iiplastiki zobunjineli zineempawu eziphucukileyo zoomatshini ezibonelela ngokuqina okukhulu kwaye azitshintshi ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa. Ezinye iintlobo zeplastiki zinokuguqulwa ukuphucula amandla azo, kunye nokumelana nefuthe kunye nobushushu. Makhe singene kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki ekufuneka siziqwalasele ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwenxalenye yokugqibela okanye imveliso.
Enye yezona resin zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iindawo zoomatshini yinylon, eyaziwa ngokuba yipolyamide (PA). Xa ipolyamide ixutywe nemolybdenum, inomphezulu ogudileyo ukuze kube lula ukuyishukumisa. Nangona kunjalo, iigiya zenylon-on-nylon azikhuthazwa kuba, njengeeplastiki, zihlala zinamathelana. I-PA inokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu nokukrweleka, kwaye ineempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Inylon sisixhobo esifanelekileyo sokuprinta i-3D ngeplastiki, kodwa ifunxa amanzi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
I-Polyoxymethylene (POM) ikwayindlela entle kakhulu yokukhetha izinto zoomatshini. I-POM yi-acetal resin esetyenziselwa ukwenza i-DuPont's Delrin, iplastiki exabisekileyo esetyenziswa kwiigiya, izikrufu, amavili nokunye. I-POM inamandla aphezulu okugoba nokuthamba, ukuqina kunye nobunzima. Nangona kunjalo, i-POM yonakaliswa yi-alkali, i-chlorine kunye namanzi ashushu, kwaye kunzima ukunamathelana.
Ukuba iprojekthi yakho luhlobo oluthile lwesikhongozeli, i-polypropylene (PP) lolona khetho lufanelekileyo. I-Polypropylene isetyenziswa kwizikhongozeli zokugcina ukutya kuba ayitshisi ubushushu, ayichukumisi iioyile kunye nezinyibilikisi, kwaye ayikhuphi iikhemikhali, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kukhuseleke ukutya. I-Polypropylene ikwanokulinganisela okuhle kokuqina kunye namandla okutsha, okwenza kube lula ukwenza iiluphu ezinokugotywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Ingasetyenziswa nakwiipayipi kunye neepayipi.
Olunye ukhetho yi-polyethylene (PE). I-PE yeyona plastiki ixhaphakileyo ehlabathini enamandla aphantsi, ubulukhuni kunye nokuqina. Ihlala iyiplastiki emhlophe efana nobisi esetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhotile zamayeza, izikhongozeli zobisi kunye nezesepha. I-Polyethylene imelana kakhulu neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo kodwa ineqondo lokunyibilika eliphantsi.
Izinto ze-Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) zilungele nayiphi na iprojekthi efuna ukumelana nempembelelo ephezulu kunye nokumelana nokukrazuka okukhulu. I-ABS ilula kwaye inokomelezwa nge-fiberglass. Ibiza kakhulu kune-styrene, kodwa ihlala ixesha elide ngenxa yobunzima bayo kunye namandla ayo. Imodeli ye-ABS 3D eyenziwe nge-Fusion-molded yokwenziwa kweprototyping ngokukhawuleza.
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo, i-ABS lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizinto ezinxitywayo. KwiStar Rapid, senze i-smartwatch case ye-E3design sisebenzisa i-ABS/PC plastic ebunjiweyo emnyama epeyintwe kwangaphambili. Olu khetho lwezinto lwenza isixhobo sonke sibe lula, ngelixa sikwabonelela nge-case enokumelana nokukhwankqiswa ngamanye amaxesha, njengaxa iwotshi ibetha kumphezulu oqinileyo. I-polystyrene enempembelelo ephezulu (ii-HIPS) lukhetho olufanelekileyo ukuba ufuna izinto eziguquguqukayo nezimelana nempembelelo. Ezi zinto zifanelekile ukwenza ii-case zezixhobo zamandla ezihlala ixesha elide kunye nee-case zezixhobo. Nangona ii-HIPS zifikeleleka ngexabiso eliphantsi, azithathwa njengezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
Iiprojekthi ezininzi zifuna ii-resin zokubumba ngenaliti ezinobuthambileyo obufana nerabha. I-thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuba ineendlela ezininzi ezikhethekileyo zobuthambileyo obuphezulu, ukusebenza okuphantsi kobushushu kunye nokuqina. I-TPU ikwasetyenziswa kwizixhobo zamandla, iirola, i-cable insulation, kunye neempahla zemidlalo. Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo ne-solvent, i-TPU inamandla aphezulu okukrala kunye nokucheba kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zoshishino. Nangona kunjalo, yaziwa ngokufunxa umswakama emoyeni, okwenza kube nzima ukuyicubungula ngexesha lokuvelisa. Kwi-injection molding, kukho i-thermoplastic rubber (TPR), engabizi kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuyiphatha, njengokwenza ii-raber grips ezifunxa ukuthuthumela.
Ukuba inxalenye yakho ifuna iilensi okanye iifestile ezicacileyo, i-acrylic (PMMA) yeyona ilungileyo. Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye nokumelana nokurhawuzelelwa, le nto isetyenziselwa ukwenza iifestile ezingaqhekekiyo ezifana ne-plexiglass. I-PMMA ikwapolisha kakuhle, inamandla amahle okutsalwa, kwaye ixabisa kancinci kwimveliso ephezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayixhathisi kakhulu kwimpembelelo okanye kwiikhemikhali njenge-polycarbonate (PC).
Ukuba iprojekthi yakho ifuna izinto eziqinileyo, iPC inamandla kunePMMA kwaye ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokukhanya, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo lweelensi kunye neefestile ezingenazimbumbulu. IPC isenokugotywa kwaye yenziwe kubushushu begumbi ngaphandle kokuphuka. Oku kuluncedo ekuveliseni iiprototyping kuba ayifuni zixhobo zokubumba ezibizayo ukuze yenziwe. IPC ibiza kakhulu kune-acrylic, kwaye ukuvezwa ixesha elide emanzini ashushu kunokukhupha iikhemikhali eziyingozi, ngoko ke ayihlangabezani nemigangatho yokhuseleko lokutya. Ngenxa yempembelelo yayo kunye nokumelana nokukrwela, iPC ifanelekile kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo. KwiStar Rapid, sisebenzisa esi sixhobo ukwenza izindlu zeetheminali eziphathwayo zeMuller Commercial Solutions. Le nxalenye yenziwe ngomatshini we-CNC kwibhloko eqinileyo yePC; ekubeni kwakufuneka ibonakale ngokupheleleyo, yayihlanjwa ngesandla kwaye ipholishwe ngomphunga.
Olu lushwankathelo nje olufutshane lwezinye zezona plastiki zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuvelisweni. Uninzi lwazo lunokutshintshwa ngeefayibha zeglasi ezahlukeneyo, iziqinisi ze-UV, izinto zokuthambisa okanye ezinye iiresini ukuze kufezekiswe iinkcukacha ezithile.
UGordon Stiles ngumsunguli kunye nomongameli weStar Rapid, inkampani ekhawulezayo yokwenza iiprototype, izixhobo ezikhawulezayo kunye nemveliso ephantsi. Ngokusekelwe kwimvelaphi yakhe yobunjineli, uStiles waseka iStar Rapid ngo-2005 kwaye phantsi kobunkokeli bakhe inkampani ikhule yaya kubasebenzi abangama-250. IStar Rapid iqeshe iqela lamazwe ngamazwe leenjineli kunye neengcali ezidibanisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili obufana nokuprinta kwe-3D kunye nomatshini wokugaya i-CNC kunye neendlela zemveli zokwenza kunye nemigangatho ephezulu. Ngaphambi kokujoyina iStar Rapid, iStyles yayiphethe kwaye iqhuba iSTYLES RPD, inkampani enkulu kunazo zonke e-UK yokwenza iiprototype kunye nezixhobo ezikhawulezayo, eyathengiswa kwi-ARRK Europe ngo-2000.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-19-2023